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flyer-crawler.projectium.com/docs/architecture/DATABASE.md
Torben Sorensen 45ac4fccf5
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comprehensive documentation review + test fixes
2026-01-28 16:35:38 -08:00

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# Database Architecture
**Version**: 0.12.20
**Last Updated**: 2026-01-28
Flyer Crawler uses PostgreSQL 16 with PostGIS for geographic data, pg_trgm for fuzzy text search, and uuid-ossp for UUID generation. The database contains 65 tables organized into logical domains.
## Table of Contents
1. [Schema Overview](#schema-overview)
2. [Database Setup](#database-setup)
3. [Schema Reference](#schema-reference)
4. [Related Documentation](#related-documentation)
---
## Schema Overview
The database is organized into the following domains:
### Core Infrastructure (6 tables)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| ----------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ----------------- |
| `users` | Authentication credentials and login data | `user_id` (UUID) |
| `profiles` | Public user data, preferences, points | `user_id` (UUID) |
| `addresses` | Normalized address storage with geocoding | `address_id` |
| `activity_log` | User activity audit trail | `activity_log_id` |
| `password_reset_tokens` | Temporary tokens for password reset | `token_id` |
| `schema_info` | Schema deployment metadata | `environment` |
### Stores and Locations (4 tables)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| ------------------------ | --------------------------------------- | ------------------- |
| `stores` | Grocery store chains (Safeway, Kroger) | `store_id` |
| `store_locations` | Physical store locations with addresses | `store_location_id` |
| `favorite_stores` | User store favorites | `user_id, store_id` |
| `store_receipt_patterns` | Receipt text patterns for store ID | `pattern_id` |
### Flyers and Items (7 tables)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| ----------------------- | -------------------------------------- | ------------------------ |
| `flyers` | Uploaded flyer metadata and status | `flyer_id` |
| `flyer_items` | Individual deals extracted from flyers | `flyer_item_id` |
| `flyer_locations` | Flyer-to-location associations | `flyer_location_id` |
| `categories` | Item categorization (Produce, Dairy) | `category_id` |
| `master_grocery_items` | Canonical grocery item dictionary | `master_grocery_item_id` |
| `master_item_aliases` | Alternative names for master items | `alias_id` |
| `unmatched_flyer_items` | Items pending master item matching | `unmatched_item_id` |
### Products and Brands (2 tables)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| ---------- | ---------------------------------------------- | ------------ |
| `brands` | Brand names (Coca-Cola, Kraft) | `brand_id` |
| `products` | Specific products (master item + brand + size) | `product_id` |
### Price Tracking (3 tables)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| ----------------------- | ---------------------------------- | ------------------ |
| `item_price_history` | Historical prices for master items | `price_history_id` |
| `user_submitted_prices` | User-contributed price reports | `submission_id` |
| `suggested_corrections` | Suggested edits to flyer items | `correction_id` |
### User Features (8 tables)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| -------------------- | ------------------------------------ | --------------------------- |
| `user_watched_items` | Items user wants to track prices for | `user_watched_item_id` |
| `user_alerts` | Price alert thresholds | `alert_id` |
| `notifications` | User notifications | `notification_id` |
| `user_item_aliases` | User-defined item name aliases | `alias_id` |
| `user_follows` | User-to-user follow relationships | `follower_id, following_id` |
| `user_reactions` | Reactions to content (likes, etc.) | `reaction_id` |
| `budgets` | User-defined spending budgets | `budget_id` |
| `search_queries` | Search history for analytics | `query_id` |
### Shopping Lists (4 tables)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| ----------------------- | ------------------------ | ------------------------- |
| `shopping_lists` | User shopping lists | `shopping_list_id` |
| `shopping_list_items` | Items on shopping lists | `shopping_list_item_id` |
| `shared_shopping_lists` | Shopping list sharing | `shared_shopping_list_id` |
| `shopping_trips` | Completed shopping trips | `trip_id` |
| `shopping_trip_items` | Items purchased on trips | `trip_item_id` |
### Recipes (11 tables)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| --------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| `recipes` | User recipes with metadata | `recipe_id` |
| `recipe_ingredients` | Recipe ingredient list | `recipe_ingredient_id` |
| `recipe_ingredient_substitutions` | Ingredient alternatives | `substitution_id` |
| `tags` | Recipe tags (vegan, quick, etc.) | `tag_id` |
| `recipe_tags` | Recipe-to-tag associations | `recipe_id, tag_id` |
| `appliances` | Kitchen appliances | `appliance_id` |
| `recipe_appliances` | Appliances needed for recipes | `recipe_id, appliance_id` |
| `recipe_ratings` | User ratings for recipes | `rating_id` |
| `recipe_comments` | User comments on recipes | `comment_id` |
| `favorite_recipes` | User recipe favorites | `user_id, recipe_id` |
| `recipe_collections` | User recipe collections | `collection_id` |
### Meal Planning (3 tables)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| ------------------- | -------------------------- | ----------------- |
| `menu_plans` | Weekly/monthly meal plans | `menu_plan_id` |
| `shared_menu_plans` | Menu plan sharing | `share_id` |
| `planned_meals` | Individual meals in a plan | `planned_meal_id` |
### Pantry and Inventory (4 tables)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| -------------------- | ------------------------------------ | ----------------- |
| `pantry_items` | User pantry inventory | `pantry_item_id` |
| `pantry_locations` | Storage locations (fridge, freezer) | `location_id` |
| `expiry_date_ranges` | Reference shelf life data | `expiry_range_id` |
| `expiry_alerts` | User expiry notification preferences | `expiry_alert_id` |
| `expiry_alert_log` | Sent expiry notifications | `alert_log_id` |
### Receipts (4 tables)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| ------------------------ | ----------------------------- | ----------------- |
| `receipts` | Scanned receipt metadata | `receipt_id` |
| `receipt_items` | Items parsed from receipts | `receipt_item_id` |
| `receipt_processing_log` | OCR/AI processing audit trail | `log_id` |
### UPC Scanning (2 tables)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------- | ----------- |
| `upc_scan_history` | User barcode scan history | `scan_id` |
| `upc_external_lookups` | External UPC API response cache | `lookup_id` |
### Gamification (2 tables)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| ------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| `achievements` | Defined achievements | `achievement_id` |
| `user_achievements` | Achievements earned by users | `user_id, achievement_id` |
### User Preferences (3 tables)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| --------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------- |
| `dietary_restrictions` | Defined dietary restrictions | `restriction_id` |
| `user_dietary_restrictions` | User dietary preferences | `user_id, restriction_id` |
| `user_appliances` | Appliances user owns | `user_id, appliance_id` |
### Reference Data (1 table)
| Table | Purpose | Primary Key |
| ------------------ | ----------------------- | --------------- |
| `unit_conversions` | Unit conversion factors | `conversion_id` |
---
## Database Setup
### Required Extensions
| Extension | Purpose |
| ----------- | ------------------------------------------- |
| `postgis` | Geographic/spatial data for store locations |
| `pg_trgm` | Trigram matching for fuzzy text search |
| `uuid-ossp` | UUID generation for primary keys |
---
### Database Users
This project uses **environment-specific database users** to isolate production and test environments:
| User | Database | Purpose |
| -------------------- | -------------------- | ---------- |
| `flyer_crawler_prod` | `flyer-crawler-prod` | Production |
| `flyer_crawler_test` | `flyer-crawler-test` | Testing |
---
## Production Database Setup
### Step 1: Install PostgreSQL
```bash
sudo apt update
sudo apt install postgresql postgresql-contrib
```
### Step 2: Create Database and User
Switch to the postgres system user:
```bash
sudo -u postgres psql
```
Run the following SQL commands (replace `'a_very_strong_password'` with a secure password):
```sql
-- Create the production role
CREATE ROLE flyer_crawler_prod WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'a_very_strong_password';
-- Create the production database
CREATE DATABASE "flyer-crawler-prod" WITH OWNER = flyer_crawler_prod;
-- Connect to the new database
\c "flyer-crawler-prod"
-- Grant schema privileges
ALTER SCHEMA public OWNER TO flyer_crawler_prod;
GRANT CREATE, USAGE ON SCHEMA public TO flyer_crawler_prod;
-- Install required extensions (must be done as superuser)
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS postgis;
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_trgm;
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS "uuid-ossp";
-- Exit
\q
```
### Step 3: Apply the Schema
Navigate to your project directory and run:
```bash
psql -U flyer_crawler_prod -d "flyer-crawler-prod" -f sql/master_schema_rollup.sql
```
This creates all tables, functions, triggers, and seeds essential data (categories, master items).
### Step 4: Seed the Admin Account
Set the required environment variables and run the seed script:
```bash
export DB_USER=flyer_crawler_prod
export DB_PASSWORD=your_password
export DB_NAME="flyer-crawler-prod"
export DB_HOST=localhost
npx tsx src/db/seed_admin_account.ts
```
---
## Test Database Setup
The test database is used by CI/CD pipelines and local test runs.
### Step 1: Create the Test Database
```bash
sudo -u postgres psql
```
```sql
-- Create the test role
CREATE ROLE flyer_crawler_test WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'a_very_strong_password';
-- Create the test database
CREATE DATABASE "flyer-crawler-test" WITH OWNER = flyer_crawler_test;
-- Connect to the test database
\c "flyer-crawler-test"
-- Grant schema privileges (required for test runner to reset schema)
ALTER SCHEMA public OWNER TO flyer_crawler_test;
GRANT CREATE, USAGE ON SCHEMA public TO flyer_crawler_test;
-- Install required extensions
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS postgis;
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_trgm;
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS "uuid-ossp";
-- Exit
\q
```
### Step 2: Configure CI/CD Secrets
Ensure these secrets are set in your Gitea repository settings:
**Shared:**
| Secret | Description |
| --------- | ------------------------------------- |
| `DB_HOST` | Database hostname (e.g., `localhost`) |
| `DB_PORT` | Database port (e.g., `5432`) |
**Production-specific:**
| Secret | Description |
| ------------------ | ----------------------------------------------- |
| `DB_USER_PROD` | Production database user (`flyer_crawler_prod`) |
| `DB_PASSWORD_PROD` | Production database password |
| `DB_DATABASE_PROD` | Production database name (`flyer-crawler-prod`) |
**Test-specific:**
| Secret | Description |
| ------------------ | ----------------------------------------- |
| `DB_USER_TEST` | Test database user (`flyer_crawler_test`) |
| `DB_PASSWORD_TEST` | Test database password |
| `DB_DATABASE_TEST` | Test database name (`flyer-crawler-test`) |
---
## How the Test Pipeline Works
The CI pipeline uses a permanent test database that gets reset on each test run:
1. **Setup**: The vitest global setup script connects to `flyer-crawler-test`
2. **Schema Reset**: Executes `sql/drop_tables.sql` (`DROP SCHEMA public CASCADE`)
3. **Schema Application**: Runs `sql/master_schema_rollup.sql` to build a fresh schema
4. **Test Execution**: Tests run against the clean database
This approach is faster than creating/destroying databases and doesn't require sudo access.
---
## Connecting to Production Database
```bash
psql -h localhost -U flyer_crawler_prod -d "flyer-crawler-prod" -W
```
---
## Checking PostGIS Version
```sql
SELECT version();
SELECT PostGIS_Full_Version();
```
Example output:
```text
PostgreSQL 14.19 (Ubuntu 14.19-0ubuntu0.22.04.1)
POSTGIS="3.2.0 c3e3cc0" GEOS="3.10.2-CAPI-1.16.0" PROJ="8.2.1"
```
---
## Schema Files
| File | Purpose |
| ------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| `sql/master_schema_rollup.sql` | Complete schema with all tables, functions, and seed data |
| `sql/drop_tables.sql` | Drops entire schema (used by test runner) |
| `sql/schema.sql.txt` | Legacy schema file (reference only) |
---
## Backup and Restore
### Create a Backup
```bash
pg_dump -U flyer_crawler_prod -d "flyer-crawler-prod" -F c -f backup.dump
```
### Restore from Backup
```bash
pg_restore -U flyer_crawler_prod -d "flyer-crawler-prod" -c backup.dump
```
---
## Related Documentation
- [Installation Guide](INSTALL.md) - Local development setup
- [Deployment Guide](DEPLOYMENT.md) - Production deployment
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